Nutrition and Food Chemistry

Clinical Applications of Ketogenic Diets

The ketogenic diet, high in fats and very low in carbohydrates, has several clinical applications due to its unique metabolic effects. Here are some key applications:

Epilepsy: Originally developed to treat epilepsy in children, the ketogenic diet is effective in reducing seizure frequency in drug-resistant cases. It alters brain energy metabolism, which may stabilize neuronal activity.

Type 2 Diabetes: The diet improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity by lowering carbohydrate intake, which reduces blood glucose levels and insulin demand.

Weight Loss and Obesity: By promoting fat loss and preserving lean muscle mass, the ketogenic diet can be an effective weight management strategy. It increases satiety, leading to reduced calorie intake.

Neurological Disorders: Emerging evidence suggests benefits for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. The ketones produced may provide neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function.

Cancer: Preliminary studies indicate the ketogenic diet may inhibit cancer cell growth by reducing glucose availability, which cancer cells rely on for energy.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The diet may improve insulin sensitivity and weight management, helping alleviate symptoms of PCOS.